Gigapower’s Chandler Conundrum:

• Introduction
• Gigapower’s Chandler Market Entrance
• A Look Into Gigapower’s Chandler Market Contractor Matrix
• Poor Quality Work
• Substandard Field Supervision
• Questionable Project Management Practices
• Tilson and Gigapower’s Legal Stand-off Threatens Arizona Market Deployment
• Gigapower’s Risk Management Rears Its Head
• AT&T’s Fiber Flatline
• Conclusion

Executive Summary

Gigapower, the open access fiber network joint venture launched by AT&T and BlackRock in May 2023¹, is experiencing significant challenges in its phase I deployment. Gigapower’s prime contractor in several states, Tilson Technology Management, blamed Gigapower for driving it into bankruptcy, a development that is just the most extreme of numerous problems stemming from Gigapower’s business model.

A review of internal City correspondence, daily construction logs, City utility incident reports, and state contractor and business registration records shows a joint venture that appears to be struggling with operational challenges stemming from poor contractor selection, substandard field supervision, and questionable project management practices leading to an increased burden on City resources, adverse impacts to City infrastructure, and deployment delays. Ultimately, Gigapower’s dismissal of Tilson from the project and Tilson’s subsequent bankruptcy filing has likely jeopardized Gigapower’s on-time Arizona market buildout and according to some small business owners, threatens Arizona’s local economy, leaving hundreds of workers and dozens of local small businesses in the lurch.²

The Communications Workers of America (CWA), which represents tens of thousands of frontline technicians at AT&T, has closely tracked the Gigapower build-out in various markets. Based on CWA’s analysis of public records and field investigations, CWA discovered that Gigapower’s deployment in Chandler potentially suffered from the following operational deficiencies: 

• Poor Contractor Verification Procedures
  • Nearly one-fifth of Gigapower’s subcontractors identified via City correspondence and daily construction logs – 5 out of 28 – did not have a license with the Arizona Registrar of Contractors (ROC) while working on the project; and
  • Two Gigapower subcontractors were not registered business entities in the state of Arizona while working on the project.
• Deployment Delays
  • Five shutdowns and pauses of deployment work within a year because of public safety and restoration issues.
• Poor Quality Work
  • Multiple underground utility hits to critical infrastructure, such as water, internet, sewer, and electrical power lines; and
  • Recurring restoration issues and delayed corrective action.
• Substandard Field Supervision
  • Subcontractors operating without traffic control plans;
  • Subcontractors operating outside of approved work hours even after verbal warnings from the City;
  • Subcontractors performing work prohibited by City code; and
  • Recurring failure to ensure that subcontractors perform timely corrective action after being informed by the City of operational shortcomings.
• Questionable Project Management Practices
  • Recurring failure to sign permit applications;
  • Poor quality control on permit application submissions;
  • Delayed invoice payment; and
  • Combative and dismissive communication with City inspectors.

The findings in this report underscore CWA’s belief that Gigapower’s fraught workforce model puts workers and communities at risk and contributes to the erosion of telecom job quality and stability. Additionally, the joint venture’s operational shortcomings and current legal challenges should be of particular concern for investors. As such, CWA recommends policymakers and investors take the following steps to ensure that Gigapower’s fiber deployments support good jobs, protect communities, and provide long-term value creation:

• Understand Gigapower’s workforce plan
  • Public officials should be vigilant and require Gigapower to present a robust and detailed Workforce Plan ahead of any agreement, permit, or funding issuance. This Workforce Plan should include provisions requiring disclosures about Gigapower’s contracted workforce, including each contractor’s training and safety program, information regarding the quality of jobs, mechanisms for accountability for subcontractors, and each contractors’ record of compliance with applicable labor laws and regulations.
• Require an agreement prior to commencing deployment
  • Jurisdictions considering partnership with Gigapower or other internet service providers (ISPs) should execute agreements that create a standardized system for authorizing the terms and conditions for use of the rights of way. CWA recommends that agreements contain provisions regarding contractor disclosures and transparency requirements, monitoring of agreement benchmarks and provisions, and “claw-back” mechanisms to give jurisdictions the ability to revise or terminate agreements to ensure specific terms are met.
• Commit to an oversight process
  • Localities must ensure there are accessible and effective tools and resources for oversight of Gigapower and other ISP fiber deployments. Governing bodies should regularly convene stakeholders to reflect on deployment progress, hear resident feedback and City staff reports, and make adjustments to improve deployment moving-forward.
• Scrutinize workforce practices for potential investment risk factors
  • Institutional investors and fund trustees should integrate scrutiny of workforce practices into their analysis of risk factors utilizing frameworks such as the Principles of Responsible Workforce Management in Private Equity when considering investing in Gigapower.
  • Investors may also consider recommending the following concrete actions to AT&T and BlackRock to improve Gigapower’s risk management:
    • Establish minimum labor standards for all subcontractors;
    • Enhance Gigapower leadership-level oversight of labor risks and operational performance with regular reporting mechanisms; and
    • Conduct a feasibility assessment of transitioning to a direct employment model and increasing utilization of unionized contractors.
       

Gigapower’s Chandler Market Entrance

In December 2022, Gigapower signed an Outside Plant Labor and Engineering Agreement with Tilson Technology Management (Tilson).¹⁶ Tilson served as Gigapower’s prime contractor in Chandler, Arizona, a city near Phoenix, from the inception of the build in June 2023¹⁷ until April 2025.¹⁸ Gigapower selected Tilson to oversee deployment in Chandler, Arizona, in addition to builds in Gilbert, Arizona, and Las Vegas, Nevada, even though these builds were, according to Tilson, the company's largest projects ever.¹⁹

Gigapower’s build-out in Chandler, Arizona, similar to other Gigapower markets, was marked by severe workforce fragmentation with low levels of visibility into the contracted workforce. The low levels of visibility into the contracted workforce reduced visibility of baseline standards for company licensure and registration and technician training, health and safety protections, and wages and benefits. Tilson further subcontracted out much of the deployment work to at least twenty-eight different subcontractors.²⁰ 

Poor Quality Work

“Tilson’s motto is [‘]We are on a Mission[‘] - and boy are they!!!...Intending to make our neighborhood, Saguaro Canyon to be one of the ugliest around!”

- March 3, 2025, City of Chandler Constituent Service Request Log⁵⁷ 
 

Gigapower’s workforce fragmentation can lead to shoddy work quality related to underground utility impacts and aboveground restoration procedures because workforce training and work quality standards across contractors are not uniform and often unverified. This can result in significant disturbances to public and private infrastructure and cause public safety issues.

Between December 2023 and March 2025, Gigapower’s subcontractors were responsible for multiple hits to underground utilities, including water, internet, sewer and electrical power lines.⁵⁸ A Gigapower subcontractor hit a water service line in December 2023 by performing a bore shot incorrectly, according to inspection comments from the City.⁵⁹ In March 2024, Gigapower subcontractors hit another water main⁶⁰ and then, in May 2024, a Gigapower subcontractor, once again, hit a water main.⁶¹ On May 21, 2024, a Gigapower subcontractor hit a sewer line.⁶² The following day, on May 22, 2024, in an email from the City to Tilson and Gigapower, the City highlighted multiple instances wherein Tilson was not following 811 utility marking protocol.⁶³

Additionally, Gigapower’s deployment impacted residents’ private property by, for example, causing a sewer backup⁶⁴ and damaging a residential irrigation system.⁶⁵ In the case of one incident wherein a Gigapower subcontractor damaged a resident’s irrigation system, Tilson was initially unresponsive when the resident contacted the company to make necessary repairs, leaving the resident to pay for immediate repairs, then have to do repeated follow-ups to Tilson regarding when the company would send a crew to complete the full repairs, perform a test on the repairs, and reimburse the resident for their incurred costs with the resident saying “We didn't have these problems until your people showed up, blocked our driveway for three days, shoddily put this thing in, and took off.”⁶⁶

The next day, the resident reached out to Tilson again: “I asked you…to have someone come on Monday to fix what you’ve broken and TEST the fix. Instead, someone came by in the last 24 hours and, without a word to us, pushed our landscape rocks into the gaps you left around the box you installed on our property. As you can see, our leak is still not fixed.”⁶⁷ Tilson did not respond for another four days.⁶⁸

Beyond the issues stemming from improper underground utility work, Gigapower’s subcontractors’ shoddy work quality created a number of other safety issues that were concerning to City staff and residents. In February 2024, Gigapower’s subcontractors were warned by City staff that they needed to cover open pits,⁶⁹ yet two months later a resident contacted the City regarding an electrical vault box in the ground that Gigapower subcontractors failed to cover, leaving it open and potentially causing a safety hazard for pedestrians.⁷⁰

Following excavation, the City seemed to have difficulty getting Gigapower’s subcontractors to restore City streets, sidewalks, and alleyways to safe and proper condition. Based on email correspondence from the City to Tilson obtained through public records requests, the City notified Tilson at least ten times between January 2024 and February 2025 that the restoration work was not up to City standards and needed corrective action.⁷¹

In some instances, the City notified Tilson of the need for corrective action on restoring the right of way, and had to push for more prompt restoration timelines. For example in July 2024, one City staffer remarked,

“What is the delay in getting the restoration done sooner? Two and a half weeks seems like a very long time for addressing these issues.”⁷²

About two months later, the City, again, flagged unresolved safety issues to Tilson. On October 3rd, a staff person a City staffer said in an email with the subject line: “Safety Concerns”,

“...the past couple days I have given warning about the pothole cores being left unattended after they pothole for the existing Utilities, As you can see some are over 32” deep. I mentioned yesterday that they can use cones to place over them after they’re done potholing. I come out tonight and no cones, we need to get these tripping hazards resolved as soon as possible. Also I let the guys know the past couple days to not place the core machine in the middle of the sidewalk as wheel chairs and pedestrians need access. If we can also clean up the streets as you go to avoid any tripping hazards.”⁷³

Despite this very clear warning, this same City staffer was forced to stop all of Gigapower’s construction work eight days later, on October 11, stating:

“I’ve spoken with Steve and several crew members on site also noted previously in this email chain regarding these safety issues. As of today these issues still haven’t been resolved. You will need to stop all construction work until all safety issues and concerns have been resolved…”⁷⁴

Two weeks later, on October 26, a resident emailed their City councilperson saying:

“A few months ago this neighborhood was great; the street was smooth, clean and could run with my kid in a stroller and not have to worry about a thing. As of now the neighborhood has turned into a disaster. There are pot holes everywhere, paint all over, large holes on our properties, water lines cut and destroyed causing floods, sink holes in landscaping, uneven roads, dirt/ rocks throughout and cracked curbs. [...] I personally have talked with the City inspector and they were aware of the issues and told Tilson to fix it which they failed to for over a week.”⁷⁵

Photos Attached to Resident Email⁷⁶

In response to this resident’s email, the City, again, scolded Tilson and imposed a stop to all new Gigapower construction work saying: 

“Tilson will not be able to move forward with any new construction work until all outstanding public safety issues are resolved in all of Tilson and subs active work zones. Any work being done must be focused on restoration work until the inspectors are satisfied that all public safety issues (potholes and pits backfilled, restored or properly secured overnight, no tripping hazards such as conduit ends sticking up, etc.) have been resolved. The ongoing issues with Tilson and subs repeatedly not completing restoration in a timely manner and failing to keep up with their construction forces, is leading to very unhappy residents and an unmanageable level of complaints for city staff, even with the additional inspectors we have brought on board.”⁷⁷

Despite these repeated warnings and two City-imposed construction work stoppages in October 2024, in February 2025, the City was forced to reprimand Tilson yet again, with a staffer writing:

“...driving the site I see unacceptable conditions which are not City of Chandler policy. Some of the potholes and trenches that are left open were brought to Tilson foreman days ago and still haven’t been resolved. I am asking Tilson to resolve these safety concerns Immediately so we don’t have to shut any jobs down or hold back on issuing any New permits.”⁷⁸

Between February 2024 and February 2025, the City and Tilson initiated a combined total of five work standdowns and pauses for Gigapower’s deployment in Chandler restricting attention solely to restoration efforts.⁷⁹ CWA Local 7050 members conducted multiple Gigapower worksite visits between April and June 2025 and found restoration issues similar to those that had been flagged by City staff and residents, including uneven and cracked patch work.⁸⁰ 

Gigapower’s failure to ensure that their deployments utilize high quality work practices likely led to the underground utility hits and above-ground impacts to private residences and public rights-of-way in Chandler. In addition to poor work quality practices, Gigapower and Tilson’s substandard field supervision and management of its contracted workforce resulted in recurring City code violations and an increased administrative burden on City staff to bring Gigapower’s workforce into compliance with City policies.⁸¹

Questionable Project Management Practices

From the outside, Gigapower’s Chandler deployment deficiencies were evident. Internally, the joint venture also seemed to be struggling with questionable project management practices that may have diminished the efficiency of the project’s operations. A review of City correspondence indicates Gigapower’s deployment was potentially hampered by a lack of adaptability, inadequate oversight, and poor communication with critical stakeholders.⁹⁷ 

Recurring Failure to Sign Permit Applications

In September 2024, Tilson emailed the City regarding delays in permit approvals.⁹⁸ The City informed Tilson – on multiple occasions – that the company was failing to sign its permit applications. The City responded:

“Gigapower/Tilson failing to sign for the applications for over a month is not on Chandler, especially considering we pointed out on the weekly calls that we were seeing the issue of them not being signed for multiple weeks in a row.  As I have stated repeatedly on the calls in the last 3 weeks, we are working on catching up, as we have had a very high volume of permits coming in, but I find Tilson trying to blame delays on Chandler that clearly fall on Tilson's failure to sign applications to be very distasteful and unprofessional."⁹⁹

Lack of Quality Control Slowing Plan Review Process

As part of this same September 2024 email exchange between Tilson, Gigapower, and the City, the City also noted that the company was failing to provide requisite quality control needed to approve permits. The City stated:

“Additionally, as was pointed out on the call, again today, Tilson is still failing to send Chandler plans that have basic QC completed prior to sending them to us. For over a year we have been identifying, almost every week, giving credit for relief for a few months earlier this year, that service laterals are still not being included on plans. Plans being sent to Chandler are taking more time for plan reviewers to review because of poor QC on Tilson's part resulting in a high number of comments, slowing down the plan review process. I find it very frustrating that Tilson continues to try to put the blame for these issues on CoC [City of Chandler] staff instead of fixing them, as the other providers have done.”¹⁰⁰

Combative and Dismissive Communication with City Inspectors

This combative communication continued and in February 2025, the City, again, had to push back against Tilson personnel regarding their communication with City staff regarding permit approval requirements and timelines, especially in comparison to the conduct of other fiber providers. 

“When I see the success other companies are having in Chandler in getting permit approvals and likewise with the speed at which they are building, because their construction folks also do what my inspectors ask them to instead of arguing with them or ignoring them, I can't help but wonder if the real issue is a lack of understanding about what Chandler's requirements are, or just a blatant unwillingness to try to meet those requirements…I don't see a single item on this list that has not already been discussed multiple times and in multiple scenarios over the past almost 2 years now that we have been working with Gigapower and Tilson…I am really starting to feel like we're a broken record on repeat here…the one thing I see is that most other providers don't argue with my staff when they ask them to add a dimension to the plans. They just do it and on the 2nd submittal they get approval…How many hours of staff time are we spending on Tilson's side, the city's side and Gigapower's side, in pushing back about adding a dimension line? That doesn't seem like a good business decision, good use of time or money…”¹⁰¹

Poor communication with City inspectors surfaced in the field as well. In February 2025, Tilson staff argued with a City inspector about a pavement cut. Tilson’s representative proceeded to cut the pavement in a manner against City code and against explicit instructions from said inspector:

“Inspection staff shared with me that the Tilson representative argued that he was actually approved to cut the pavement and proceeded to do so anyway, ignoring the direction of the inspector not to do so.”¹⁰²

Delayed Invoice Payment Preventing Inspections

In a March 2025 email exchange between Gigapower, Tilson, and the City there appeared to be confusion as to the party responsible for invoice payment, which led to inspection delays. Gigapower communicated with Tilson and the City on March 3, 2025 saying:

“...there are approximately 10 past due invoices that are preventing anyone from submitting inspection requests. There were 6 inspection requests for tomorrow that are now on hold until the past due invoices get paid.”¹⁰³

The following day, the City emailed Tilson and Gigapower to halt work until the invoices were paid:

“Starting today, no crews are allowed to work in the following projects until the invoices have been paid…We have submitted invoices on Tuesday and Wednesday of last week, and more yesterday, but they still haven’t been addressed. The invoices will have to be paid, and inspection requests will need to be submitted today in order for work to continue tomorrow.”¹⁰⁴

Gigapower’s Risk Management Rears Its Head

“I think everybody needs to have their hands in the pot a little bit. I wish that the companies on the top of the food chain were able to get the information from the bottom of what's really happening on the ground."  

- Shelley Kranich, Owner of Mobile Mix Inc., subcontractor for Gigapower’s Chandler and Gilbert builds¹¹⁷
 

From Tilson’s perspective, Gigapower’s poor management drove Tilson into bankruptcy. In a May 2025 company press release announcing the bankruptcy, Tilson stated: “Our core business is strong, but we need to reset after one client’s failure to manage its relationships with its host communities and pay us for the work we performed materially changed our revenue expectations.”¹¹⁸ On August 29, 2025, Tilson announced that it had selected an offer from ITG Communications to purchase all of the Company’s assets in an all-cash offer of $22 million.¹¹⁹ ITG Communications is Gigapower’s prime contractor in its Minnesota deployment markets. ¹²⁰

The abrupt contract terminations blindsided Tilson’s workers, including 117 in Arizona¹²¹ and 133 in Nevada.¹²² Jeffrey Hals, an Outside Plant Field Technician for Tilson¹²³ in Arizona, stated that the dismissals “had a crippling impact on our livelihoods. We had months of bills and no warning that we’d lose our jobs overnight.” Hals is now a named plaintiff in a class action lawsuit against Tilson alleging that the company willfully violated the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act, which requires that employers with over 100 full-time workers must give 60 days’ written notice before layoffs affecting at least 50 employees.¹²⁴ Tilson in a May 2025 communication to the Nevada Department of Employment, Training, and Rehabilitation stated that the worker layoffs were due to the “recent, sudden, unforeseeable, and unexpected loss” of work with Gigapower “coupled with [Gigapower’s] decision to withhold payment for work performed.”¹²⁵

On July 24, 2025, Tilson filed a lawsuit in Texas Business Court against Gigapower alleging that “Gigapower delayed, and at times withheld, payment as a tactic to gain leverage over Tilson and to force Tilson to renegotiate rates.”¹²⁶ Tilson further alleged that “Gigapower tried to coerce Tilson into accepting new contract terms, including lower payments and a reduced scope of work” and “when Tilson refused, Gigapower terminated Tilson’s major scope of work under the agreement ‘for convenience’.”¹²⁷ Responding to Tilson’s lawsuit in a statement to industry outlet Light Reading, Gigapower stated that it did not breach its contract with Tilson saying it will “vigorously defend [itself] in court.”¹²⁸ In a separate bankruptcy filing, Gigapower alleges that it did not terminate the agreement and that it took over work that Tilson refused to perform.¹²⁹ Tilson is seeking to recover over $200 million¹³⁰ and is asking for a trial by jury.¹³¹

Gigapower’s ability to maintain positive and productive relationships with major contractors is critical to the success of the joint venture and its future fiber deployment projects. Gigapower acknowledged in its legal filings that “there are few contractors in the market able to do the work required for Gigapower's core business.”¹³² Litigation between Gigapower and its prime contractors not only puts market deployments at risk, it may have negative downstream impacts on the subcontractors working under the umbrella of the prime contractor that could boomerang back as liabilities for Gigapower. According to a June 12News report, subcontractors have filed at least sixteen no-pay complaints against Tilson since last year.¹³³ On August 21, 2025, Gigapower filed a Limited Objection against the proposed cure amount for Tilson’s bankruptcy saying, “Tilson failed to perform under the Agreement and caused significant damages to Gigapower [...] The amount owed to Gigapower is undetermined, as invoices are still accruing and the parties continue to litigate in the Texas Action; however, it is certainly not $0.”¹³⁴  

To regain trust from investors, customers, and workers, Gigapower must show it is committed to risk management, which may require a rethinking of its heavily contracted operations and entirely outsourced workforce. Gigapower should improve its project oversight and contractor selection protocols to ensure that deployments are not put at risk, litigation exposure is minimized, workers are not negatively impacted, and invested capital is properly managed. The company should also explore insourcing work to a well-trained and stable workforce where possible.

Conclusion

Despite Gigapower’s dismissal of Tilson from the Chandler market in April 2025, concerns regarding the business model remain. While Gigapower is likely to point the finger at Tilson for the issues raised in this report, Chandler is just one of the markets where Gigapower has experienced setbacks. Gigapower deployments have received stop work orders¹⁵³ and caused utility incidents in multiple markets with different prime contractors at the helm of Gigapower’s operations. Phase I of Gigapower’s build was slated to end later this year,¹⁵⁴ but both AT&T and BlackRock have remained relatively mum regarding the joint venture’s value proposition after over two years of operation. CWA is continuing to track the buildout and offers the following recommendations to policymakers and investors to improve Gigapower’s accountability to all of its stakeholders. 

Understand Gigapower’s workforce plan

Public officials should be vigilant and require Gigapower to present a robust and detailed Workforce Plan ahead of any agreement, permit, or funding issuance. This Workforce Plan should include provisions requiring disclosures about Gigapower’s contracted workforce, including each contractor’s training and safety program, information regarding the quality of jobs, accountability mechanisms for subcontractors, and each contractors’ record of compliance with applicable labor laws and regulations.

Require an agreement prior to commencing deployment

Jurisdictions considering partnership with Gigapower or other internet service providers (ISPs) should execute agreements to create a standardized system for authorizing the terms and conditions for use of the rights of way. CWA recommends that agreements contain provisions regarding contractor disclosures and transparency requirements, monitoring of agreement benchmarks and provisions, and “claw-back” mechanisms to give jurisdictions the ability to revise or terminate agreements to ensure specific terms are met.

Commit to an oversight process

Localities must ensure there are effective mechanisms for oversight of Gigapower and other ISPs’ fiber deployments. Governing bodies should regularly convene stakeholders to reflect on deployment progress, hear resident feedback and City staff reports, and make adjustments to improve deployment moving-forward.

Scrutinize workforce practices for potential investment risk factors

Institutional investors and fund trustees should integrate scrutiny of workforce practices into their analysis of risk factors utilizing frameworks such as the Principles of Responsible Workforce Management in Private Equity when considering investing in Gigapower.

Investors may also consider recommending the following concrete actions to AT&T and BlackRock to improve Gigapower’s risk management: 

• Establish minimum labor standards for all subcontractors;
• Enhance Gigapower leadership-level oversight of labor risks and operational performance with regular reporting mechanisms; and
• Conduct a feasibility assessment of transitioning to a direct employment model and increasing utilization of unionized contractors. 

1. AT&T Press Release. Gigapower Joint Venture from AT&T and BlackRock Launches, AT&T Fiber Begins Serving End-user Customers Through Gigapower’s Commercial Wholesale Open Access Platform. May 11, 2023.

2. Buono, B. 12News. Bad Optics: Fiber optic construction company files for bankruptcy amid no-pay complaints and damaged properties. June 18, 2025.

3. AT&T Press Release. AT&T Strengthens Fiber Leadership with Plans to Bring High-Speed Internet to MoreT&T. People Through New and Expanded Third-Party Relationships. September 9, 2024.

4. AT&T Press Release. Looking back on 10 years of AT&T Fiber. April 24, 2023.

5. Neenan, J. Broadband Breakfast. NTIA Rewrites Rules for BEAD, Forcing States to Rebid Broadband Projects. June 6, 2025.

6. AT&T Expands Nation's Largest Fiber Network, Now Reaching More Than 30 MIllion Fiber Locations. June 10, 2025.

7. Ibid.

8. AT&T Press Release. Gigapower Joint Venture from AT&T and BlackRock Launches, AT&T Fiber Begins Serving End-user Customers Through Gigapower’s Commercial Wholesale Open Access Platform. May 11, 2023.

9. AT&T 4Q2022 Earnings Call transcript. January 23, 2022.

10. AT&T Press Release. AT&T Strengthens Fiber Leadership with Plans to Bring High-Speed Internet to MoreT&T. People Through New and Expanded Third-Party Relationships. September 9, 2024.

11. Ibid.

12. Ibid.

13. AT&T Press Release. AT&T to Acquire Lumen's Mass Markets Fiber Business. May 21, 2025.

14. Anderson, J. Channel Futures. 'Landlord-Tenant' No More: Windstream, Uniti to Merge. May 3, 2024.

15. AT&T Analyst & Investor Day. December 3, 2024.

16. Outside Plant Labor and Engineering Agreement No. 461393.C between Tilson Technology Management, Inc. and Gigapower, LLC. Signed December 30, 2022.

17. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025.

18. Boundless Broadband, LLC et. al. Case No. 25-10948. US Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. Declaration of Richard Arrowsmith, Chief Restructuring Officer of the Debtors in Support of Chapter 11 Petitions and First Day Pleadings. Filed May 29, 2025.

19. Ibid.

20. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025. 
    CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #24-12-0223. Submitted December 6, 2024. 
    CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #24-02-0290. Submitted February 7, 2024.

21. Ibid.

22. Ibid.

23. Ibid.

24. Ibid.

25. FiberTex LLC. Arizona Corporation Commission Entity number 23619613. Formed December 20, 2023.

26. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025.

27. Based on searches of the Arizona Registrar of Contractors search engine, using various spellings of FiberTex LLC, and using the title provided in the Arizona Corporation Commission filing. The RoC maintains records of companies that have held and lost/suspended/canceled licenses. Searches re: FiberTex LLC yield no results.

28. Tilson Technology Management website. Accessed August 15, 2025.

29. FiberTex LLC. Arizona Corporation Commission Entity number 23619613. Formed December 20, 2023.

30. VEA Connect website. Accessed August 15, 2025.

31. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025.

32. VEA Telecoms USA Co. Arizona Registrar of Contractors License Number ROC 358088, Issued April 3, 2025.

33. LifeXpeed FI LZ LLC. Arizona Corporation Commission Entity number 23617819. Formed December 14, 2023.

34. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025.

35. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #24-12-0223. Submitted December 6, 2024.

36. LifeXpeed Arizona Registrar of Contractors License Number ROC 352569, Issued June 3, 2024.

37. Gold Communications Expert Inc. Illinois Secretary of State Filing Number 71066568. Incorporated February 16, 2017;

38. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025.

39. Ibid.

40. Based on searches of the Arizona Registrar of Contractors search engine, using various spellings of Gold Communications Expert, and using the title provided on the Company website. The RoC maintains records of companies that have held and lost/suspended/canceled licenses. Searches re: Gold Communications Expert yield no results.

41. Based on searches of the Arizona Corporation Commission search engine, using various spellings of Gold Communications Expert, and using the title provided on the Company website. The ACC maintains records of companies that have held and lost active or canceled business registrations. Searches re: Gold Communications Expert yield no results.

42. Field & Stream Construction LLC Texas Comptroller Taxpayer ID 32095575745. Effective June 18, 2024.

43. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025.

44. Ibid.

45. Based on searches of the Arizona Registrar of Contractors search engine, using various spellings of Field and Stream Construction. The RoC maintains records of companies that have held and lost/suspended/canceled licenses. Searches re: Field and Stream Construction yield no results.

46. Based on searches of the Arizona Corporation Commission search engine, using various spellings of Field and Stream Construction. The ACC maintains records of companies that have held and lost active or canceled business registrations. Searches re: Field and Stream Construction yield no results.

47. LinkedIn profile of Scott Mailman, accessed August 15, 2025.

48. Outside Plant Labor and Engineering Agreement No. 461393.C between Tilson Technology Management, Inc. and Gigapower, LLC. Signed December 30, 2022.

49. Gold Communications Expert Inc. Illinois Secretary of State Filing Number 71066568. Incorporated February 16, 2017; Gold Communications Expert Inc website. Accessed August 15, 2025.

50. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025.

51. Region Construction Inc. Arizona Corporation Commission Entity number 23548245. Formed December 28, 2023.

52. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025.

53. Ibid.

54. Ibid.

55. Ibid.

56. Ibid.

57. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0059. Submitted March 3, 2025.

58. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025. 
    CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #24-12-0223. Submitted December 6, 2024. 
    CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #24-02-0290. Submitted February 7, 2024.

59. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #24-12-0223. Submitted December 6, 2024.

60. Ibid.

61. Ibid.

62. Ibid.

63.   CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025.

64. Ibid.

65. Ibid.

66. Ibid.

67. Ibid.

68. Ibid.

69. Ibid.

70. Ibid.

71. Ibid.

72. Ibid.

73. Ibid.

74. Ibid.

75. Ibid.

76. Ibid.

77. Ibid.

78. Ibid.

79. Ibid.

80. Evidence collected during CWA Local 7050 members’ field work in Chandler between April and June 2025.

81. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025.

82. Ibid.

83. Ibid.

84. Ibid.

85. Ibid.

86. Ibid.

87. Ibid.

88. Ibid.

89. Ibid.

90. Ibid.

91. Ibid.

92. Ibid.

93. Ibid.

94. Alexander John Seader v. City Of Chandler, Tilson Technology Management Inc, Gigapower LLC, Chandler City Attorney. CV2025-007184. Maricopa County Superior Court. Filed February 24, 2025.

95. CWA Public Records Request to City of Chandler. Request #25-03-0076. Submitted March 3, 2025.

96. Ibid.

97. Ibid.

98. Ibid.

99. Ibid.

100. Ibid.

101. Ibid.

102. Ibid.

103. Ibid.

104. Ibid.

105. Gigapower LLC v Tilson Technology Management. Case 2:25-cv-01824-KML. Maricopa County Superior Court. Complaint filed May 19, 2025.

106. Boundless Broadband, LLC et. al. Case No. 25-10948 (BLS). US Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. Global Notes and Statement of Limitations, Methodology, and Disclaimer Regarding Debtors’ Schedules and Statements. Filed July 3, 2025.

107. Boundless Broadband, LLC et. al. Case No. 25-10948. US Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. Declaration of Richard Arrowsmith, Chief Restructuring Officer of the Debtors in Support of Chapter 11 Petitions and First Day Pleadings. Filed May 29, 2025.

108. Ibid.

109. Gigapower LLC v Tilson Technology Management. Case 2:25-cv-01824-KML. Maricopa County Superior Court. Complaint filed May 19, 2025.

110. Ibid.

111. Ibid.

112. Boundless Broadband, LLC et. al. Case No. 25-10948 (BLS). US Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. Global Notes and Statement of Limitations, Methodology, and Disclaimer Regarding Debtors’ Schedules and Statements. Filed July 3, 2025.

113. Gigapower LLC v Tilson Technology Management. Case 2:25-cv-01824-KML. Maricopa County Superior Court. Complaint filed May 19, 2025.

114. Ibid.

115. Ibid.

116. Baumgartner, J. Light Reading. A look inside the ugly Tilson-Gigapower lawsuits. July 28, 2025.

117. Buono, B. 12News. Bad Optics: Fiber optic construction company files for bankruptcy amid no-pay complaints and damaged properties. June 18, 2025.

118. Tilson Technology Management Press Release. Tilson Takes Steps to Position the Company for Long-Term Success. May 29, 2025.

119.  Tilson Technology Management Press Release. Tilson Technology Management Selects ITG Communications Offer as Winning Bid in Auction. August 29, 2025.

120.  City of Bloomington, Minnesota. Fiber optic cable installation in Bloomington. Accessed September 8, 2025.

121. Tilson Technology Management Nevada WARN Act Notice May 5, 2025.

122. LinkedIn profile Jeffrey M. Hals. Accessed August 6, 2025.

123. Wireless Estimator. Bankruptcy and back pay: Tilson Chapter 11 sparks WARN Act class action lawsuit. May 30, 2025.

124. Tilson Technology Management Nevada WARN Act Notice May 5, 2025.

125. Tilson Technology Management Inc v. Gigapower LLC. Case No. 25-BC01B-0032. Business Courts of Texas First Division. Filed July 24, 2025.

126. Ibid.

127. Baumgartner, J. Light Reading. A look inside the ugly Tilson-Gigapower lawsuits. July 28, 2025.

128. Boundless Broadband, LLC et. al. Case No. 25-10948 (BLS). US Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. Limited Objection and Reservation of Rights of Gigapower, LLC to Proposed Cure Amount Set Forth in the Debtors' Notice of Proposed Assumption and Assignment of Certain Executory Contracts or Unexpired Leases and Cure Amount. Filed August 21, 2025.

129. Tilson Technology Management Press Release. Tilson Files Breach of Contract Lawsuit Against Gigapower. July 24, 2025.

130. Tilson Technology Management Inc v. Gigapower LLC. Case No. 25-BC01B-0032. Business Courts of Texas First Division. Filed July 24, 2025.

131. Gigapower LLC v Tilson Technology Management. Case 2:25-cv-01824-KML. Maricopa County Superior Court. Complaint filed May 19, 2025.

132. Buono, B. 12News. Bad Optics: Fiber optic construction company files for bankruptcy amid no-pay complaints and damaged properties. June 18, 2025.

133. Boundless Broadband, LLC et. al. Case No. 25-10948 (BLS). US Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. Limited Objection and Reservation of Rights of Gigapower, LLC to Proposed Cure Amount Set Forth in the Debtors' Notice of Proposed Assumption and Assignment of Certain Executory Contracts or Unexpired Leases and Cure Amount. Filed August 21, 2025.

134. AT&T 3Q2024 Earnings Call. October 23, 2024.

135. AT&T 1Q2025 Earnings Call. April 23, 2025.

136. AT&T 1Q2025 Financial and Operational Trends. April 23, 2025.

137. AT&T 1Q2024 Financial and Operational Trends. April 24, 2024.

138. AT&T 1Q2023 Financial and Operational Trends. April 20, 2023.

139. AT&T 1Q2022 Financial and Operational Trends. April 22, 2022.

140. AT&T Quarterly Earnings from 1Q2024 through 2Q2025

141. AT&T Quarterly Earnings from 3Q2019 through 2Q2025

142. AT&T 2Q2025 Earnings Highlights. July 23, 2025

143. AT&T 1Q2025 Earnings Call. April 23, 2025; AT&T 4Q2024 Earnings Press Release. January 27, 2025

144. AT&T Quarterly Earnings from 3Q2019 through 2Q2025

145. Ibid.

146. Ibid.

147. Ibid.

148. AT&T Quarterly Earnings from 2Q2023 through 2Q2025

149. AT&T 4Q2022 Earnings Call. January 25, 2023.

150. Abarinova, M. Fierce Network. How the Big 3 think about their fiber growth strategy. July 28, 2025.

151. Kraft, B., et. al. Deutsche Bank Research. AT&T Buy Rating, Positive Optionality Around 2026-2027
     Outlook, Possibly 2025. July 23, 2025.

152. AT&T Press Release. AT&T to Accelerate Fiber Network Expansion Following Passage of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act. July 3, 2025.

153. City of Albuquerque, New Mexico Press Release. City Shuts Down Fiber Construction Until They Do it Right. May 9, 2025.

154. Baumgartner, J. Light Reading. AT&T-BlackRock fiber JV IDs initial wave of build markets. May 11, 2023.